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taurine


Term: taurine
Literally meaning: “pertaining to bull”
Origin: Anc Greek
ταύρος/taurus (=bull, ox)
Coined/History 
Taurine isolated in 1827 by German Friedrich Triedemann (1781-18861) and  Leopold Gmelin (1788-1853)  who isolated it from ox bile.
Source
F. Tiedemann, L. Gmelin (1827). "Einige neue Bestandtheile der Galle des Ochsen". Annalen der Physik 85 (2): 326–37. 
Definition
 Taurine is a free amino acid and not part of any protein in human body. It is essential in newborns but in adults it can be synthesized by sulphur-containing cysteine. Taurine is important for skeletal muscle function and the development of retina and the central nervous system. It has also a detoxifying effect in some organs like pancreas and liver. It is found in foods like  meat, dairy products, poultry and eggs. 

Sourse
De la Puerta C, Arrieta FJ, Balsa JA, Botella-Carretero JI, Zamarrón I, Vázquez C.Taurine and glucose metabolism: a review. Nut Hosp. 2010 Nov-Dec;25(6):910-9.

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