Term: electroencephalography (EEG) and encephalogram
Literally
meaning: “image
of electrical condition of the brain”
Origin: Anc Greek
/çλεκτρον/electron(=amber) >ηλέκτωρ/helector(=shining light) > ήλιος/helios(=sun)+ άγω/ago(=carry)
+εγκέφαλος/egephalos(=brain) >εν/en(=within) +κεφαλήν/cephalin(=head)
(-γραφία)/(-graphia)(=-graphy,
a combining form denoting something written
or represented as in words biography, geography, photography. > γράμμα/gramma(=letter)
Coined/History
The history of EEG was emerged directly from psychiatric
field. The early EEG discoveries occurring with epilepsy, structural lesions and
encephalopathies. English scientist Richard Caton (1842–1926), Professor of physiology, was
the first to report (1875) the existence
of electrical potentials emanating from the brains of live animals such as
rabbits and monkeys. In 1890 Polish physiologist Adolf Beck showed that the
visual cortex of the dog produced large electrical potentials when the animal’s
eyes were rhythmically illuminated. In 1924 German psychiatrist Hans Berger
(1873-1941) after many failed efforts resulted to make the first non-invasive
scalp EEG. Berger named the procedure of obtaining the electrical waves of
brain “electroencephalography”. He also coined the term “alpha-waves” to
describe the 10Hz activity characterising the awake relaxed EEG of adult
humans.
Definition
Electroencephalography (short encephalograph or
encephalogram) is the computer recording of the brain’s electrical activity, as recorded
from multiple electrodes placed on the head. EEG is used to evaluate brain
function in many pathological conditions such as seizures, brain tumors, coma,
dementia, and epilepsy. It is used also to determine brain death.
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