Term: myosin
Literally
meaning: “pertaining
to muscle”
Origin: Anc Greek
μυο-/myo-(=combining form meaning muscle) > μυς/mys/ (=muscle)
> μύω/myo(=enclosed
like the muscle inside body or rat in its nest=epimys)
Coined/History
The term was coined in 1864 by W. Kuhne who called “myosin” a viscous protein that he
had extracted from muscle with concentrated salt solution. Many years later (1939) V.
A. Engelhardt and M.N. Lyubimova reported that myosin had ATPase
activity. In years 1942 and 1943 A. Szent-Gyogyi and F.B. Straub proved that
another protein which was named (by Straub) “actin” when compined with myosin
was responsible for muscle viscosity and contractility.
Sources
Kühne, W. 1864. Untersuchungen über das
Protoplasma und die Contractilitat. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.
Engelhardt, V.A., and M.N. Lyubimova. 1939. Myosin and adenosinetriphosphatase.Nature. 144:668–669.
Straub, F.B. 1942. Actin. Stud. Inst. Med. Chem. Univ. Szeged. II:3–15.
Szent-Györgyi, A. 1943a. The
crystallization of myosin and some of its properties and reactions. Stud. Inst. Med. Chem. Univ. Szeged. III:76–85.
Definition
Myosin is any of motor
protein from a large family which are involved in motility processes such as
muscle contraction through ATP
hydrolysis. Myosins are interact with other motor proteins like actin-filaments.
Sarcomeric myosin is a large hexameric protein with two globular heads
(conatining binding sites for actin thin filaments and ATP) and a long coiled-coil a-helical rod.
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