Term: lysozyme
Literally meaning: an enzyme that breaks down
Origin: Anc Greek
λύσις/lysis(=dissolution, degradation > verb λύω/leo =break down, solve, loose, degradate)
+-ζύμη/zyme(= leaven) > ένζυμο/enzymo(=enzyme) > εν/en(=in) +-ζύμη/zyme(= leaven)
Coined/History
Lysozyme was discovered in 1922 by Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), by accident, when nasal drippings were accidentally occurring in the petre dish with bacterial culture and these cells were lysed. Finally in 1965 the structure of Lysozyme was solved by X-Ray analysis with 2 angstrom resolution by David Chilton Phillips
Definition
Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls by catalyzing hydrolysis which catalyzes hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins (Gram positive bacterial cells) Lysozyme is is present in the mucosal secretion such as saliva and tears and in high concentration, in chicken egg-white. This enzyme is only effective against Gram positive bacterial cells.
Lysozymes, also known as muramidase or N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase, are glycoside hydrolases. These are enzymes (EC 3.2.1.17) that damage bacterial cell walls by catalyzing hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins. Lysozyme Biotin-Caproyl
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