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cysteine (Cys C)


Term: cysteine
Literally meaning: “pertaining to bladder”
Origin: Anc Greek
κύστις (=sac or anatomical sac such as bladder)
> κύω (=to carry a baby in a sac)
Coined/History 
In 1810 English chemist Wiliam Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) identified cysteine from urinary bladder stone and because he believed it to bean oxide gave it the name cystic oxide. Swidish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848) later in 1833 used the term cystine and finally German Eugen Baumann (1846-1896) in 1884 gave the name cysteine to the product he obtained after reduction of cystine.
Sourse:
Wollaston WH (1810). "On cystic oxide, a new species of urinary calculus". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 100 (0): 223–30.

Definition
Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid that contains sulfur. In the body it is biosynthesized by methionine and is important for glutathione formation. Cysteine through glutathione plays a key role in body detoxification from heavy metals. 

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