Term: rabdomyolysis
Literally
meaning: “desrtuction
of skeletal (striated) muscle”
Origin: Anc Greek
ράβδος/rabdos(=rod, stripe, stick)
+μυο-/myo-(=combining form meaning muscle) >μυς/mys/(=muscle) >μύω/myo(=enclosed
like the muscle inside body or rat in its nest=epimys)
+λύσις/lysis (=dissolution, degradation, decomposition,
destruction) > verb λύω/leo =break down, solve, loose, degradate).
Coined/History
The
rhabdomyolysis syndrome was initially observed in the 13th century BCE in the
Bible and was presumed to be caused by the human ingestion of migratory quail
that consume large amounts of hemlock (conium) seeds. The disease was reported
in Germany in 1881, but the
first cases of crush syndrome and acute renal failure (ARF) were reported
during the Sicilian earthquake in Messina
Sourse: Bywaters
EGL, Beall D. Crush injuries with impairment of renal function. BMJ.
1941;1:427.
Definition
Rabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening
syndrome in which muscle cells break down resulting in release of muscle
proteins such as myoglobin and creatine phosphokinase in bloodstream. Patients
are characterised by muscle weakness, muscular aches, brown colored urine and an elevated plasma creatine kinase (CK) level. Rhabdomyolysis is caused by many factors such as medications (eg
statins), trauma, toxins, gene mutations or viral infections. Rhabdomyolysis may be inherited or acquired.
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