apraxia

Term: apraxia

Literally meaning: “without action”

Origin: Anc Greek

α-/a-(=no, without)

πράξις/praxis(=action) >πράττω/pratto(=do)

Coined/History

The word was idroduced in 1871 as “apraxie” by German philosopher Heymann Steinthal (1823-1899). The medical term apraxia was first defined by Hugo Karl Liepmann in 1908 as the "apraxia of the glosso-labio-pharyngeal structures" describing a motor speech disability of a 48years old patient. Darley replaced Liepmann's original term with the term  "apraxia of speech"  in 1960. According OGAR et al (2005)  Apraxia of Speech (AOS) “In a review of the literature, Duffy notes 23 terms that have been used to label the symptoms of AOS *. Though these terms have been used previously, particularly before Darley and his collegues clarified distinctions between dysarthria and AOS (Darley et al., 1975), ‘AOS’ is currently the most widely accepted term used in the speech pathology literature”

*Apraxic dysarthria Articulatory dyspraxia Ataxic aphasia Broca’s aphasia Little Broca’s aphasia Cortical dysarthria Efferent motor aphasia Expressive aphasia Oral verbal apraxia Speech apraxia Peripheral motor aphasia Phonemic aphasia Phonetic disintegration Primary verbal apraxia Pure motor aphasia Secondary verbal apraxia Sensorimotor impairment Word muteness Speech sound muteness Subcortical motor aphasia

Definition

Apraxia is the a disorder of motor speech due to inability of patients to carry out specific movements involving the face or hands.

Sourses

 Ogari1 J,et al Apraxia of Speech: An overview Apraxia Overview Neurocase  11, 427–432.(2005)

Darley FL.The classification of output disturbances in neurogenic communication disorders In: American Speech and Hearing Association Annual Conference Chicago IL 1969